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2022
185. The Nature of the Chemical Bond, 26th Annual conference of the International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, Lille, France, August 16th, 2022.
184. The role of the periodic table in chemical education, University of isa, Italy, July 4th, 2022.
183. Un racconto di sette elementi, Workshop at the University of Pisa, Italy, based on authors book, A Tale of Seven Elements, June 10th, 2022 (via Zoom).
182. Pontifical University of Valparaiso, Chile, A History and Philosophy of the Periodic Table, 9th June, 2022 (via Zoom).
181. University of New Hampshire, Invited Seminar to Department of Chemistry, A brief history of the Periodic Table, March 1st, 2022 (via Zoom).
2021
180. University of Padua, Italy, A Brief History of the Elements and the Periodic Table, September 3rd, 2021 (via Zoom).
179. Unidavi University, Rio Sul, Brazil, Zoom lecture, A Very Short Introduction to the Periodic Table, 5th August, 2021 (via Zoom).
178. Hasok Chang on Acid, International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, annual meeting, remotely via Buenos Aires, July 12th, 2021 (via Zoom).
177. A series of 6 Zoom lectures to the University of Turin, Chemistry Department, An introduction to the history and philosophy of science with examples from chemistry and physics, Feb-March, 2021.
176. Physics Department of Wake Forest University, NC, A Tale of Seven Scientists, Feb 18th, 2021 (via zoom).
2020
175. Zoom workshop, The 4s-3d orbital conundrum, New Haven ACS local section and Yale University Chemistry Department, October 22nd, 2020.
2019
174. Plenary Lecture, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand, The Periodic Table, Its Story and Its Significance, December 2, 2019.
173. University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand - Plenary Lecture at the NZIC National Conference. All about the Periodic Table, November 25-30, 2019.
172. Puebla, Mexico - Invited Plenary Speaker in the Mexican National Meeting. Celebrating 150 years since the discovery of the periodic table, October 3, 2019.
171. University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls - Wilson Endowed lecture. The 150th anniversary of the Periodic Table. Where did it come from and where is it going? September 19, 2019.
170. Presentation to the Philosophy Department of Northern Iowa University, September 20, 2019.
169. Southern California Mineralogical Society - A Tale of Seven Elements, September 13, 2019.
168. Cornell University in Qatar, Invited Lecture, The Story of the Periodic Table, September 10th, 2019.
167. University of Qatar, Doha, Qatar - Plenary Lecture. The Story of the Periodic Table, September 9th, 2019.
166. San Diego, California - ACS Annual Meeting. The impact of 20th century physics on the periodic table and questions still outstanding in the 21st century, August 25-29, 2019.
165. Tartu, Estonia - Invited plenary lecture. Conference in honor of the late Rein Vihalemm, August 13-14, 2019.
164. The Royal Institution, London, UK - Public Lecture. Episodes from the history of the periodic table, Then and Now. August 9, 2019.
163. St. Petersburg, Russia - International Conference to Celebrate the UNESCO Year of the Periodic Table, July 26-28, 2019.
162. Invited Plenary Lecture, University of Malta. Tales from the Periodic Table, July 19-23, 2019.
161. Plenary Lecture, Department of Chemistry, Turin, Italy - Conference of International Society for Philosophy of Chemistry, July 15-17, 2019.
160. Antwerp, Belgium, Plenary lecture to Royal Flemish Chemical Society, The Discovery of the Periodic System.
159. Umea, Sweden, Oorgandagarna, Royal Swedish Chemical Society Annual Meeting, The Periodic Table, Its Story & Its Significance.
158. SciFest Africa 2019, Grahamstown, South Africa, The International Year of the Periodic Table, Video Lecture, March 6th, 2019.
157. The Periodic Table, Its Story & Its Significance, ACS Local Section, Minneapolis – St. Paul, 18th February, 2019.
156. Invited Lecture, Happy Sesquicentennial to the Periodic Table, Denver University, January 16th, 2019.
155. A Tale of Seven Scientists, UCLA Philosophy Group, January 10th, 2019.
2018
154. Eight debated questions concerning the distinction between elements as simple substances and as abstract bearers of properties, Philosophy of Science Association Biennial Meeting, Seattle WA, Oct 31 - Nov 4th, 2018.
153. A Tale of Seven Scientists, Invited Lecture to Department of Logic & Philosophy of Science, University of California, Irvine, 19th October, 2018.
152. An introduction to the Philosophy of Science, Southern California Mineralogy Society, Pasadena City College, September 2018.
151. Five Ideas in Chemical Education that Must Die, University of York, UK, July 20th, 2018.
150. What is the role of causation in Chemistry? 22nd Annual Meeting of International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, University of Bristol, July 16th-18th, 2018.
149. University of Texas, El Paso - Department of Chemistry Seminar. The Periodic Table, Its Story and Its Significance, March 23, 2018.
148. University of Texas, El Paso - Department of Philosophy Seminar. Round-table on diversity in science, March 24, 2018.
2017
147. The Periodic Table: Its Story & Its Significance, Southern California Mineralogical Club, Pasadena City College, Dec 8th, 2017.
146. Invited Plenary Lecture, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, Southeastern Regional Meeting of American Chemical Society, November 11th, 2017.
145. Plenary lecture, University of Turin, Three Ideas in Chemical Education That Must Die, July 26th, 2017.
144. The Many Facets of the Periodic Table, Royal Institution of Great Britain, July 20th, 2017.
143. What impact has history and philosophy of science had on the chemistry textbook? Invited Plenary Lecture - Ulderico Segra Summer School of Chemical Education, July 12th-15th, 2017.
142. A Tale of Seven Scientists, Public Lecture, University of Turin, Department of Chemistry, July 10th, 2017.
141. The Many Facets of the Periodic Table, including the Historical and the Philosophical ones, University of Malta - Public Lecture, Department of Chemistry, July 7th, 2017.
140. Invited plenary lecture SPHERE Center, University of Paris Diderot, Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, 21st annual meeting, July 3rd-5th, 2017.
139. Invited Plenary lecture, University of Paris Diderot, Seminar on History and Philosophy of Chemistry, Classification periodique d'histoire et de philosophie des sciences, June 29th, 2017.
138. A Tale of Seven Scientists, UCLA History of Science Colloqium, June 5th, 2017.
137. The Periodic Table, Its Story and Its Significance, Truman State University, Kirksville, MO, March 27th, 2017
2016
136. Elementary My Dear Dimitri! University of Nevada, Reno, Discover Science Lecture Series, November 10th, 2016.
135. A Tale of Seven Scientists, Philosophy of Science Association Biennial Meeting, Atlanta, GA, Nov, 2016.
134. A Tale of Seven Scientists and a New Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge, Department of History and Philosophy of Science, September 8th, 2016.
133. A Tale of Seven Scientists and a New Philosophy of Science, University of Bristol, Department of Philosophy, September 5th, 2016.
132. A Tale of Seven Scientists and a New Philosophy of Science, University College, London. Plenary Speaker at Graduate Conference in Philosophy of Science, September 2nd, 2016.
131. A Tale of Seven Scientists, 20th Meeting of the International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, August 2-4th, 2016.
130. The Periodic Table, Its Story and Its Significance, New York Mineralogical Club, July 5th, 2016.
129. The Periodic Table, Its Story and Its Significance, ACS Local Section, Jacksonville, Florida, March 17th, 2016.
128. Let's Revel in the Periodic Table, ACS National Meeting, San Diego, CA, March 13th, 2016.
127. Nicholson's Atomic Theory, History of Science and Scientific Realism, Interdisciplinary Conference, IUPUI, Indianapolis, February 2016.
2015
126. The Periodic Table, Its Story and Its Significance, Charterhouse School, Godalming, Surrey, England, September 11th, 2015.
125. Five ideas in Chemical Education that Must Die, International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, July 2015.
2014
124. The History of Chemistry & Realism, Interdisciplinary Conference, Indianapolis, December, 2014.
123. The electronic configurations of atoms and what they tell us about the epistemological reduction of chemistry, Reduction & Emergence Workshop, University of Paris, Pantheon - Sorbonne, November 22-25th, 2014.
122. Adventures in the past and present of the periodic table, Invited lecture, University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry, September 16th, 2014.
121. The teaching of electronic configurations, aufbau principle and electronic structure, Ulderico Segre Summer School of Chemical Education, Cosenza, Italy, September 13th, 2014.
120. The periodic table; past & present, Congresso Nazionale della Societa Chimica Italiana Universita della Calabria, September 10th, 2014.
119. A New Approach to Philosophy of Science: Globalization and the Growth of Science, 2nd International Congress on Science Education, Iguacu, Brazil, August 28th, 2014.
118. The Vexed Question of Hafnium, American Chemical Society, San Francisco, August 11th, 2014.
117. My Changing Views on the Reduction of Chemistry, London School of Economics, International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, annual meeting, 7th-9th, June, 2014.
116. How the Periodic Table Developed, Royal Society, London, Joint Conference of Royal Society and German Leopoldina, March 12-13th, 2014.
115. The Elements of the Blues, A chemistry-blues music event with blues guitar legend, Ronnie Earl, North Middlesex High School, Townsend Massachusetts, March 7th, 2014.
114. Webinar to Andrews University, Department of Chemistry, The Periodic Table, Its Story & Its Significance, February 27th, 2014.
2013
113. The work of John Nicholson and how 'wrong theories' sometimes get things right, International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, Annual meeting, Montevideo, Uruguay, July 31st- August 3rd, 2013.
112. The Use of Philosophy of Chemistry in Chemical Education and the Sloppy Aufbau, Buenos Aires, Argentina, August 6th, 2013.
111. Varndean College, What's special about these seven elements? Brighton, UK, July 5th, 2013.
110. College Chemistry Canada Conference, Corner Brook, Newfoundland, The Sloppy Aufbau and those Pesky Electronic Configurations, June 8th, 2013.
109. American Philosophical Society, First Henry Moseley Centenary Lecture, Denver, CO, April 15th, 2013.
108. Mexico City, UNAM, Minisiposio sobre la table periodica, Feb 14th, 2013.
2012
107. Cusco, Peru, Third International Conference on the Periodic Table, August, 2012.
106. Leuven, Belgium, International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, Annual Meeting, August, 2012.
105. The Mysteries of the Periodic Table, University High School, Los Angeles, June 12th, 2012
104. New Developments in the Study of the Periodic Table, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, CA, April 21, 2012.
103. Conceptual-Philosophical Issues in the Teaching of Chemistry, Kansas University, April 14th,, 2012.
102. The Mysteries of the Periodic Table, Kansas University, April 13th, 2012.
101. A Tale of Seven Elements, American Chemical Society Meeting, San Diego, CA, March, 2012.
100. What lies behind the periodic system of the elements? Southern Adventist University, Chattanooga, Tennessee, February 18, 2012.
2011
99. Why all the recent interest in the periodic table? Invited Lecture, Varndean College, Brighton, England, December 14th, 2011.
98. The Origins and Significance of the Periodic Table, University of Wisconsin, Madison, August 24, 2011.
97. A Tale of Seven Elements, University College, London.
96. A Tale of Seven Elements, International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, Bogota, Colombia, August 11, 2011.
95. CONICET Conference on Philosophy of Science, Buenos Aires, Argentina, July 2011.
94. University of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Physical Sciences, July 14th, 2011.
93. Res Metallica Conference, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, Invited Plenary Lecture, The Still Vital Periodic Table, May 4th, 2011.
92. Harbor UCLA Hospital, lunchtime lecture series, The Still Vital Periodic Table, February 22, 2011.
2010
91. University of Sydney, Department of Chemistry, What is an element and what is the periodic table? December 13th, 2010
90. University of Sydney, Conference on the Philosophy of Chemistry, December 15-16th, 2010. A philosophy of science answerable to chemistry.
89. Marshak Colloqium, UCLA, What is an element and what is the periodic table?
88. University College, Oxford, International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, Annual Meeting, Is it a classification, a system, a model or a theory? August 9-11, 2010.
87. Ecole Polytechnic, Paris, Workshop on the Philosophy of Chemistry, September 9th, 2010.
86. London, Templeton Foundation Meeting on Top-Down Causation, Sept 21-23, 2010.
85. The History & Philosophy of the Periodic Table, Invited talk to Los Angeles Gerontology Group, June 14th, 2010.
84. Invited guest lecture, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada, Adventures in the History & Philosophy of Chemistry, March 25th, 2010.
2009
83. Trade Tech College, Los Angeles, The Wonders of the Periodic System.
82. California State University, Dominguez Hills, What's New in the Periodic Table?
81. Philadelphia, PA, International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, Annual Meeting, Structural Realism in Chemistry, August 13-16th, 2009.
80. Bogota, Colombia, invited plenary lecture, Conference on Philosophy of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, 20-22nd July, 2009.
79. Cartagena, Colombia, International Congress of Science Education, Recent Developments in History & Philosophy of Chemistry, Invited plenary lecture, 15-18th July, 2009.
2008
78. Stellenbosch University, South Africa, invited plenary lecture, The Periodic Table, Its Story and Its Significance, November, 2008.
77. Coburg, Germany International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, Annual Meeting, Natural Kinds in Chemistry, August, 2008.
76. Leuven, Belgium Symposium of the Reduction of Chemistry to Quantum Mechanics, Invited lecture, August, 2008.
75. Istanbul, Turkey, ECRICE Conference, Invited Plenary Lecture, The Origins of the Periodic Table, July, 2008.
74. Denver, University of Colorado, Invited Seminar on the History and Philosophy of the Chemical Classification, April 23, 2008.
73. Barcelona, Spain, Invited Guest Lecture to Commemorate Spain's year of Science and the 100th Anniversary of the death of Mendeleev, February, 2008.
2007
72. Santiago de Chile, Invited Plenary Lecture on the role of the Periodic Table in Chemical Education, Nov 14-17, 2007.
71. Southern California American Chemical Society, Local Section, Invited lecture on, Mendeleev's Legacy, October, 2007.
70. Oxford, UK, Oxford University Press Bookshop, "Philosophical Aspects of The Periodic System, September, 2007.
69. University of San Francisco, Eleventh Annual Conference of the International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, "Elements as Basic Substances", August 5th-9th.
68. University of Calgary, Canada, Plenary session, author meets critics on The Periodic Table: Its Story and Its Significance, June 23-29.
67. Alfred University, NY, (Samuel Scholes Endowed Lecture), The Periodic Table and its role on Chemistry. April, 2007.
66. Minneapolis, Invited Plenary Lecture at The 7 Pines Colloquium, On the Reduction of Chemistry, March, 2007.
65. University of Copenhagen, Denmark, Recent Developments in the Philosophical and Historical Study of the Periodic System, Danish Society for the History of Chemistry, March 23, 2007.
64. London, Royal Society of Chemistry, Lecture in commemoration of the one hundredth anniversary of the death of Mendeleev, March 22, 2007.
2006
63. Vancouver, British Columbia Two Recent Attempts to Argue for the Ontological Reduction of Chemistry, Philosophy of Science Association, biennial meeting, November 3rd, 2006.
62. Philadelphia Chemical Heritage Foundation, The Periodic Table: Its Story and Its Significance, Invited Plenary Lecture, October 17, 2006.
61. Concordia University Texas, Anecdotes from the Story of the Periodic Table, September, 2006.
60. The Role of Philosophy of Chemistry in Chemical Education, National Autonomous University of Mexico City (UNAM), June 2006.
59. Philosophical Puzzles in the Periodic Table, Thinkwell Corporation Seminar, Austin, Texas, January, 2006.
2005
58. Metaphysical Aspects of Chemistry, Ninth Meeting of International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, University of Tennesse at Knoxville, August, 2005.
2004
57. The Philosophical Nature of the Chemical Elements, Eighth Meeting of the International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, University of Durham, England, August 15-19, 2004.
56. Chemical Contructivism Reconsidered, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, April, 2004.
2003
55. Historical & Philosophical Aspects of Alternative Representations of the Periodic System, American Chemical Society, Western Division Meeting, Long Beach, October 17, 2003.
54. Relative Virtues of Pyramidal and Left-Step Forms of Periodic System, First International Conference on the Periodic System, Banff, Canada, July 14-20, 2003.
2002
53. Principles and Parameters in Chemistry and Physics, Philosophy of Science Biennial Meeting, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, November 5-8, 2002.
52. Philosophical Confusion in Chemical Education, Sixth Conference of the International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, Georgetown University Washington DC, August, 2002.
2001
51. Has the Periodic System Been Reduced to Quantum Mechanics? Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts, November 2001.
50. The Reduction of Chemistry Revisited, International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, Loughborough, England, August, 6-9, 2001.
49. The Evolution of the Periodic System, 18th International Conference on the History of Science, Mexico City, Mexico. July, 2001.
2000
48. Some New Studies in the History and Philosophy of the Periodic System, California State University, Fresno.
47. The Alleged Observation of Atomic Orbitals and its Philosophical Consequences, Philosophy of Science Association Biennial Meeting, Vancouver, Canada, November, 2000.
1999
46. The Periodic System as a Paper Tool in Chemistry, Conference of Paper Tools in Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for History of Chemistry, Berlin, Germany, December, 2-4, 1999.
45. The Debate Between Normative and Naturalist Philosophy of Science and the Role of Philosophy of Chemistry, 3rd Annual Conference of International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, Columbia, South Carolina, July 28th - Aug 1st, 1999.
44. Why Philosophers Study the Periodic System?, Department of Chemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, May 6, 1999.
43. New Developments in Philosophy of Chemistry, Joint seminar organized by Philosophy and Chemistry & Biochemistry Departments, University of California, San Diego, April 19, 1999.
42. New Developments in History and Philosophy of Chemistry, Chemistry Department Colloquium, Purdue University, April, 15, 1999.
41. A Brief History of the Periodic System, Notre Dame University, Chemistry Department Seminar, April 13, 1999.
40. Some Aspects of the Evolution of the Periodic System, American Chemical Society National Meeting, Anaheim, California, March 21-25, 1999.
39. The Normative-Descriptive Debate in Philosophy of Science and the Role of Philosophy of Chemistry, Department of Philosophy Seminar, Purdue University, February 25, 1999.
1998
38. The Periodic System and Quantum Physics, Southern Adventist University, Chattanooga, Tennessee, December, 1998.
37. The Theoretical Status of the Periodic System and Metaphysical Aspects of Chemistry, PSA 1998, Kansas City, Missouri, October, 1998.
36. The Relevance of Philosophy of Chemistry to Chemical Education, 15th Biennial Conference on Chemical Education, Waterloo, Ontario, August 10, 1998.
35. The Metaphysics of Chemistry, Second Meeting of the International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, England, August 3-7, 1998.
34. Who Says There are No Ideas in Chemistry? University of Missouri, Department of Chemistry Seminar, St. Louis, 13 April, 1998.
33. The Periodic System, Its Status and Alleged Reduction, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Special Seminar jointly organized by Chemistry and Philosophy Departments, March 20, 1998.
32. Philosophical Aspects of the Periodic System, Purdue University, Inorganic Seminar, Department of Chemistry, February 17, 1998.
1997
31. Philosophy of Chemistry, American Chemical Society local section lecture, Bradley University, Peoria, Illinois, December 4, 1997
30. The Role of the Electron in Attempts to Explain the Periodic Table, The Electron in Chemistry, Royal Society of Chemistry One-day Conference, Burlington House, London, October 31, 1997.
29. What Chemistry Borrows From Other Disciplines - The Case of Atomic Physics, American Chemical Society, Fall Meeting, Las Vegas, September 1997.
28. Prediction, Accommodation and the Periodic Table, 1st Meeting, of the International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Ilkley, Yorkshire, August, 1997.
27. Yes, Chemistry and Philosophy are Miscible, Session on Chemistry & Philosophy, American Chemical Society, Annual Meeting, San Francisco, April, 1997.
26. Interdisciplinary Research at the Beckman Institutes, ZiF Conference on Interdisciplinarity, Vancouver, Canada, March, 1997.
25. The Periodic Table and Interdisciplinary Education, University of Arizona, Tucson, February. 26, 1997.
1996
24. Some Recent Thoughts in History and Philosophy of the Periodic System, Department of Chemistry Seminar, California State University at Fresno, November, 12, 1996.
23. The Reduction of Chemistry: The Case of the Periodic System, Department of Chemistry Seminar, University of Cincinnati, Ohio, October, 29, 1996.
22. Towards a Philosophy of Chemistry, Monthly Meeting of Southern California Philosophy of Science Group, California Institute of Technology, June 1, 1996.
21. Towards a Philosophy of Chemistry, History and Philosophy of Science Colloquium Series, Stanford University, May 2, 1996.
1995
20. The Rise and Fall of Causality in Science, Conference on Causality, Self-Organization, and Computability, Interdisciplinary Approaches from Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Philosophy, Bielefeld, Germany, November 1995.
19. Reliability as Opposed to Reduction, Conference on Reduction and Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Germany, June 1995.
1994
18. Prediction, The Periodic Table and The Nature of Chemistry, 2nd Erlenmeyer Colloquium, Marburg, Germany, November 1994.
17. The Noble Gases and the Periodic Table, Royal Society of Chemistry, One-day Conference on the Discovery of the Noble Gases, University College, London, October 1994.
16. Early Contributions to Atomic Quantum Chemistry, Annual Meeting of History of Science Society, New Orleans, Louisiana, October 1994.
15. Has Chemistry Been at Least Approximately Reduced to Quantum Mechanics?, Philosophy of Science Association, Annual Meeting, New Orleans, Louisiana, October 1994.
14. Prediction and Accommodation by Chemical Theories, Symposium on Teaching the History and Philosophy of Chemistry, Royal Society of Chemistry, London, September 1994.
13. It All Depends What You Mean By Reduction, Information, Interaction and Emergence, Facts from Natural Science, Thoughts from Natural Philosophy, Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies, ZiF, Bielefeld, Germany, September 1994.
12. Prediction, Accommodation and the Periodic Table, First International Summer School in Philosophy of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Bradford & Ilkley College, U.K., July 1994.
11. Has Chemistry Been Reduced to Quantum Mechanics?, Boston Colloquium for Philosophy of Science, Boston University, Massachusetts, April 1994.
10. A Working Definition of Approximate Reduction Applied to Quantum Chemistry, First International Conference on Philosophy of Chemistry, London Centre for Philosophy of Natural and Social Science, March 1994.
9. On the Allport-Cartwright Debate, London School of Economics, Philosophy Department Seminar, February 1994.
1993
8. Popper on the Reduction of Chemistry, First Conference on Philosophy of Chemistry, Science Museum Library, London, October 1993.
7. Why Pretend Chemistry is a Deductive Science? Autumn Meeting of Royal Society of Chemistry, Warwick University, September 1993.
6. The Role of Electronic Configurations in Chemical Education, Education Department Seminar, King's College, London, March 1993.
5. Quantum Chemistry and the Reduction of Chemistry, Seminar to ? Club, Department of History and Philosophy of Science, The University of Cambridge, February 1993.
4. Reduction of Chemistry? Philosophy Department Seminar, London School of Economics, February 1993.
1992
3. Limitations of the Atomic Orbital Approach, Poster presented at 12th International Conference on Chemical Education, Bangkok, Thailand, December, 1992.
1988
2. The Orbital Approximation and the Reduction of Chemistry, British Society for the Philosophy of Science, Annual Meeting, Southampton University, 1988.
1. Quantum Mechanics, Chemistry and the Question of Reduction, King's College, London, Seminar Series in History and Philosophy of Science, June, 1988.
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